Risk assessment associated with liquefaction

Soil liquefaction is one of the most dangerous geotechnical phenomena that can occur during an earthquake. It can result in structural failure, buildings overturning, foundation failure, and the collapse of critical infrastructure.
Eucentre studies, models and assesses liquefaction risk in order to contribute to building safety and urban planning in seismically active territories.

Eucentre’s activity in this area is multi-level:

  • Geotechnical soil characterisation involves analysing the physical and mechanical parameters of sandy deposits using in situ (CPT and SPT) and laboratory tests with advanced techniques and high-precision instrumentation;
  • Liquefaction susceptibility assessment involves applying the main internationally recognised empirical and numerical methods and calculating safety factors and the probability of initiation;
  • Risk mapping involves creating territorial scenarios for liquefaction and producing thematic maps to support urban planning tools and emergency plans;
  • The analysis of the seismic behaviour of foundations and underground structures involves advanced simulations to study the effects of liquefaction on buildings, bridges, tanks, and industrial plants;
  • Earthquake-proof design support: technical consultancy for public bodies, planners and companies, providing recommendations for risk mitigation and the design of ground improvement works.

In order to carry out the risk assessment associated with liquefaction, Eucentre uses a variety of tools and models, including:

  • seismic propagation and local seismic response models;
  • geotechnical software for advanced analysis (FLAC, PLAXIS and OpenSees);
  • databases on past events and typical Italian geological conditions;
  • Probabilistic and deterministic approaches are used to evaluate liquefaction scenarios;
  • integrations with GIS systems for the spatial representation of risk.